Means of Transmission: 1 oral or rectal by contaminated water or food or by touching contaminated objects
Usual Reservoirs: 1 throat, intestinal tract
Etiologic agent: virus-Poliomyelitis
Historical Information: 2 Salk vaccine 1st vaccine against polio (1954) named after developer named Salk
General characteristics: 3 20-30 nm, single-stranded RNA, no envelope, three different serotypes, enterovirus
Tests for identification: 2 isolating virus from bowel movement or throat, changes in cell cultures, anti-polio antibody
Signs and symptoms: 1 malaise, fever, muscle pain/stiffness, vomiting, sore throat
Microbial virulence mechanisms: 3 cytolysis
Control for disease: Vaccinations: 5 (IPV) inactivated polio vaccine, (OPV) oral polio vaccine
Prevention: 4 Immunization, Planned Global Eradication-headed up by World Health Organization, Rotary Int., UNICEF, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, good hygiene, sanitary environment
References
1 Unknown author. Polio Virus, May 12, 1999 http://www.medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/mmid/bms5300/bugs/polio.html May 1, 2002
2 Unknown. The Polio Virus, no update date http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/Parents-Guide/Polio.rtf May 1, 2002
3 Unknown author. Picornaviruses, February 16, 1999 http://www.virology.net/Big_Virology/BVRNApicorna.html May 2, 2002
4 Population and Public Health Branch. Disease information Poliomyelitis, January 2001 http://www.hc-sc-.gc.ca/hpb/lcdc/osh/info/polio-e.html May 3, 2002
5 Unknown author. Poliomyelitis, April 2002 Http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact114.html May 5, 2002