Apache Warfare
When
most people hear the
word “Apache” their first thought is “savage.” But most of
that people do not
realize that the Apaches were just reacting to another savage
who was an
invader. The
highly increase of invaders
in the Apache land, made them to confront the Apaches during a
period of time
called Apaches Wars. During this period of time, the Apaches
took advantage of
their terrain and they develop different tactics in order to
survive and fight
against the Mexican and American army. Those tactics were
raid, evasion,
ambush, and direct attack.
At the end,
the Apaches did not have big chances to win the war, but their
courage and
brave in to defend their land was memorable.
Primary Sources.
"Attacked by Apaches."
EBay.
St. Louis Globe Democrat, n.d.
Accessed May 01, 2015.
This is newspaper gives a good
example of an Apaches
successful raid. Fort
the Apaches, raid
was mainly used to obtain provisions and ammunitions. In
order to be a successful
raid, all the Apache warriors should return alive, and this
article is a clear example
of a successful ride.
Sheridan.
"Report of Lieutenant-General Sheridan."
Annual
Report of the Secretary Of War.
Vol.
1. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1879. 44.Google
Play. Accessed April 25, 2015.
In this book, there is a
collection of the reports of
the Secretary of War from the year 1879. In specific, the
report of the
Lieutenant-General Sheridan is important because he reports
an Apache attack
and their use of the evasion tactic. For the Americans, this
tactic made really
difficult capture the Apaches.
Vivian. "The
Apache War." Sacramento Daily Union
[Sacramento] 07 Sept. 1881: Sacramento Daily Union 7
September 1881 —
California Digital Newspaper Collection.
Accessed May 01, 2015.
http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18810907.2.5&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-------
This newspaper reports the capture
of “medicine man”
by the army using Apache scouts. The use of Indians as
scouts by the Americans
changed the Apache warfare. This is a valuable evidence of
the use of Apache
Indians as scouts by the Americans.
Cremony, John Carey. Life Among
The Apaches.
n.p.: Lincoln: University of
Nebraska
Press, 1983.
This Book has
the memories of John Caray Cremony
while he was in
the Army. He was an
interpreter who served as a lieutenant
during the Apache wars. His job as interpreter helped him to
understand in a
unique way the Apache culture. Those notes are really valuable
because in his
memories he explains the Apache society and their behavior
during the war.
Secondary Sources
Axelrod, Alan, and Charles L. Phillips. "Apache
War, 18761886." Encyclopedia of
Wars,
Vol. 3. New York: Facts On
File, 2004. Accessed April 25, 2015.
http://online.infobase.com/HRC/Search/Details/210372?q=apache%20wars
This source is
a summary of the most relevant occurrences during the Apache
wars during the
period of time 1876-1886. It gives a good description of the
reservations, and It provides
numbers of Apache and Americans under arms. This
source is listed a successful raid from Victorio
during on the year 1879.
Findlay, Michael Shaw. "Apache Wars." Salem Press
Encyclopedia
(January 2014): Research Starters, EBSCOhost
(April 25, 2015).
This
source is a brief
summary of the Apache wars. This source contains important and
relevant events
from the Apache wars. It is helpful to create a general idea
of this topic.
Watt, Robert N. Apache
Tactics 1830-86. New York: Osprey Publishing, 2012.
This
is a book written by
Robert N. Watt. In this book, there are explained all the
Apache tactics during
the Apache wars. Those tactics are well explained and
documented with evidence
of the use of this tactics during the battle. This is a useful
source in order
to understand the Apache tactics and their purpose.
Watt, Robert N. "Victorio’s
Military and Political Leadership of the WarmSprings
Apaches." War In
History 18, no. 4: 457-494. Academic
Search Complete,
EBSCOhost (accessed April 25, 2015).
This
source
contains a series of collection of the Victorio’s
campaign.
This article explains some of the most important battles
fought by this iconic
Apache leader. In this Article the reader is able to
appreciate the use of the
Apaches’ most common tactics and their implementation during
the Victorio’s campaign.
Jose
Miguel Capilla Bagatella.
May 5, 2015