In the late 1700's, the Iroquios culture looked like it was on the brink of destruction. It was saved from its imminent collapse by the Gaiwiio, or Good Word. This paper will look at what the Gaiwiio was, or rather is because it is still alive today. The circumstances that lead to its creation and who created it will be discussed.

Primary Sources

Arthur C. Parker. The Code of Handsome Lake, the Seneca Prophet [book online] (1913) available at http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/iro/parker/ Accessed 11 April 2011

One of the most useful sources I found in doing research for this paper. It is after all the written copy of the Gaiwiio.

Jefferson's Indian Addresses. In Avalon Project [web site and database] (Yale Law School) available from http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/jeffind2.asp Accessed 11 April 2011

This was of use for finding out about Handsome Lake.

Wallace, Anthony. "Halliday Jackson's Journal to the Seneca Indians,1798-1800: part II" [book online (Penn State University Press) . available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/27769330 Accessed 16 April 2011

This was very useful for finding out about later events.

Secondary Sources

Hilbert, Alfred G. "Handsome Lake: The Iroqouis Who Saw Visions." The Crooked Lake Review February 1995 [periodical online]. Available from http://www.crookedlakereview.com/ articles/67_100/83feb1995/83hilbert.html Accessed 11 April 2011

This had some useful information about Handsome Lake.

Walle, Alf H. The Path of Handsome Lake, A model of Recovery for Native People. Information Age Publishing. 2004

This was useful for understanding the physiological perspective on why the Gaiwiio worked.

Snow, Dean R. The Iroquois. Blackwell. 1994

A useful text that provides an overview of the Iroquois.

Wallace, Anthony F. C. the Death and Rebith of The Seneca. New York: Random House. 1989

Also very useful. More focused on the time that was needed for this paper The Iroquois was.