STUDY GUIDE


Answering these questions will prepare you for the tests.

NOTE: An online tutorial for the textbook is provided at the publisher's web site and I STRONGLY suggest you utilize this study tool. Chapter outlines and quizzes are available, and many students find this helpful.
Click here to go to the web page. If you have difficulty with the web site, call the publisher's tech support. Their number is 800-936-6899.

 

Test #1


The first test is a map test. You will be asked to identify via a mutliple choice format: twenty (20) of the forty-eight (48) contiguous states; the five Great Lakes; five major rivers. A map like the one below will be used.
There are many maps in the textbook or online that will help you.

 



 

PAGE NUMBERS REFERENCED TO THE 6TH EDITION ARE LISTED FIRST.

THE PAGE NUMBERS IN PARENTHESES ARE REFERENCED TO THE 5TH EDITION.


Test #2 (Chapters 1 - 4)

 


Chapter 1: "Ancient America: Before 1492"

1.What distinguishes the study of humans by archeaeologists from the study of humans by historians? p. 3 (p. 5)

2. What kind of information do archaeologists use to understand ancient peoples? p. 3 (p. 5)

3.What is the connection between the "Wisconsin glaciation period" and the Beringia land bridge? p. 5 (p. 7-8)

4. How long did it take Paleo-Indians to complete their expansion to the southern tip of South American after they first migrated to the Western Hemisphere? p. 5 (p. 10)

5.What do Paleo-Indian artifacts indicate about hunting practices for those people? p. 6-8 (p. 10)

6.What archaeological find in Folsom, New Mexico, indicated that hunters and giant bison lived simultaneously? p. 5-6 (p. 10)

7. What does the term Archaic describe with regard to ancient peoples' lifestyles? p. 8 (p. 11)

8.How did the culture of Woodland peoples change circa 4000 BP (before present era)? p. 10-11 (p. 15)

9.Why did southwestern Archaic peoples adopt agriculture? p. 11-13 (p. 16)

10. What commodity was necessary for southwestern peoples to know how to conserve? p. 11-13 (p. 16)

11. Why do archaeologists believe mound builders were organized into chiefdoms? p. 14-16 (p. 19)

12. What three groups represented the Eastern Woodland peoples at the time of Columbus's arrival in 1492? p. 18-19 (p. 21-2)

13. What was the purpose of the League of Five Nations? p. 19 (p. 21-2)

14. What socioeconomic class benefited from the Mexica tribute system of wealth redistribution? p. 23 (p. 25)

 

Chapter 2: "Europeans Encounter the New World, 1492-1600"

1. Why did exploration and expansion become popular with European monarchs in the fifteenth century? p. 27-8 (p. 34)

2. What role did the Bubonic Plague have in European desires for exploration? p. 27-8 (p. 34)

3. How did the establishment of a sea route to Asia affect the market for Far Eastern goods in Europe? p. 30 (p. 34-5)

4. What was the source of labor for Portuguese plantations in the Cape Verde islands? p. 30 (p. 35)

5. What native peoples did Columbus first encounter? p. 31 (p. 36-7)

6. What were the provisions of the Treaty of Tordesillas?p. 31 (p. 37)

7. What does the term "Columbian exchange" mean? p. 33 (p. 39)

8. Why was Magellan's circumnavigation of the world significant? p. 33 (p. 39)

9. What was the purpose of "encomienda" in Spanish colonies? p. 40-1 (p. 46)

10. What did Spaniard's assumption about their own superiority mean for Indians with regard to coerced labor? p. 43 (p. 46)

11. What was the purpose of the "repartimiento" issued in 1549 by the Spanish government? p. 44 (p. 49)

12. What was the central issue of Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation? p. 46 (p. 54)

13. Who sponsored the explorer Martin Frobisher in the 1570s and what was he hoping to achieve? p. 47 (p. 55-6)

 

Chapter 3: "The Southern Colonies in the Seventeenth Century, 1601-1700"

1. When James I of England granted land to the Virginia Company for the establishment of a colony, were prior land claims of native peoples and Spanish settlers honored? p. 53 (p. 63-4)

2. How successful were early English attempts to sustain North American settlements? p. 54-5 (p. 65)

3. How did Powhatan help the early Jamestown settlers? p. 54-5 (p. 65)

4. What was the socioeconomic background of early Jamestown settlers? p. 55 (p. 65)

5. How did the English colonists differ from Spanish colonists with regard to converting Indians to Christianity? p.55 (p. 65)

6. For whom could Virginia's inabitants vote under the rules of the royal government? p. 56-7 (p. 67)

7. What was the biggest obstacle to profit for tobacco farmers in 1600s Virginia? p. 60 (p. 69-70)

8. How did the "headright" system of immigration work? p. 59-60 (p. 69)

9. What was indentured servitude? How were indentured women treated differently than indentured men? p. 60-61 (p. 70-3)

10. How did Chesapeake servants differ from servants in England with regard to who hired them? p. 61-63 (p. 73)

11. What was the relationship between Catholics and Protestants in Maryland? p. 64-6 (p. 76)

12. What does the term "yeoman planter" mean? p. 66 (p. 77)

13. What were the issues of Bacon's Rebellion? What two groups were at odds with each other? p. 67-70 (p. 79-81)

14. What was the status of Spanish outposts in New Mexico and Florida by the end of the seventeenth century? p. 70-1 (p. 81-3)

15.How did the Indian leader Pope respond to Spanish exploitation of his people in 1680? p. 70-1 (p. 81-3)

16. Why did the southern colonies shift from reliance on indentured servant labor to African slave labor? p. 73 (p. 85)

17. How did slavery in the Chesapeake compare to slavery in Barbados? p. 74 (p. 86)

 

Chapter 4: "The Northern Colonies in the Seventeenth Century, 1601-1700"

1. To what did New England Puritanism owe its roots? p. 79 (p. 93)

2. What was unique about the Massachusetts Bay Company charter? p. 82 (p. 95)

3. Why was Anne Hutchinson controversial? p. 88-9 (p. 102-3)

4. How did the Boston church punish Anne Hutchinson? p. 88-9 (p. 102-3)

5. What allowed New England's population to grow during the seventeenth century? p. 89 (p. 104)

6. What was central to the belief of Quakers? p. 91 (p. 105)

7. What European nation controlled New Netherland during most of the seventeenth century? p. 93-4 (p. 109)

8. Why did the English allow religious toleration in the colony of New York? p. 95 (p. 110)

9. Why did Charles II make the gift of a colony to William Penn? p. 95-6 (p. 111)

10. What was the official Indian policy in colonial Pennsylvania? p. 97 (p. 112)

11. What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts and how did they affect colonical commerce?p. 98 (p. 112)

12. What characterized the commerical relationship between the colonies and England by the end of the 1600s? p. 98 (p. 113)

13. What was the cause of King Philip's War and what was its legacy for English settlers? p. 99-101 (p. 114)

14. What did colonists learn from King William's War (attack by the French Canadians against English settlers in New England and New York)?p. 102 (p. 116-18)

 

 

Test #3 (Chapters 5 -8)

Chapter 5: "Colonial America in the Eighteenth Century, 1701-1770"

1. How did colonial population change during the eighteenth century? p. 107 (p. 125)

2. What was unique about the colonial standard of living in the eighteenth century? p. 108 (p. 126)

3. What caused the New England colonies to experience less growth than other colonies? p. 108 (p. 126)

4. What did the New England policy of "partible inheritance" mean? p 109 (p. 127)

5. How did the lives of the least wealthy in New England compare with the poor in England? p. 111 (p. 128)

6. Why was slavery not as prevalent in New England colonies as in other colonies? p. 111 (p. 128)

7. What group made up the largest number of immigrants to the middle colonies? p. 113 (p. 129)

8. Why did the middle colonies have a smaller slave population than colonies in the south? p. 115 (p. 132)

9. What Pennsylvania policy promoted settlement of that colony and led to reduced clashes with Indians? p. 115 (p. 133)

10. How did the publication Poor Richard's Almanack reflect the beliefs of the typical Pennsylvania colonist? p. 116 (p. 135)

11. In addition to natural increase, what played a significant role in increasing the Southern slave population during the second half of the eighteenth century? p. 119 (p. 136)

12. Why did southern planters prefer to purchase newly arrived African slaves in small groups?p. 120 (p. 137-8)

13. How did newly arrived African slaves develop kinship relations within existing communities of slaves? p. 121-2 (p. 139-40)

14. What common experience characterized the otherwise distinct three regions of British North America? p. 123-4 (p. 141-2)

15. What were the major characteristics of the Great Awakening? p. 126-7 (p. 145)

16. Why did English colonial governors lack the trust of colonists? p. 130 (p. 149)


Chapter 6: "The British Empire and the Colonial Crisis, 1754-1775"

1. What was the primary cause of the Seven Years' War?p. 137 (p. 159)

2. How were Indians affected by the outcome of the Seven Years' War? p. 144 (p. 165-6)

3. How did the Stamp Act and Sugar Act affect colonists differently?p. 146 (p. 169)

4. Why did George Grenville claim American colonists had "virtual representation" in the British Parliament? p. 146 (p. 169)

5. What was the central argument of the Virgina Resolves as outlined by PatrickHenry? p. 146 (p. 169)

6. What did colonists learn from the Sons of Liberty about the effectiveness of public demonstrations? p. 147-8 (p. 170)

7. What was the general colonial response to the Townshend Duties? p. 151 (p. 174)

8. How did the Daughters of Liberty protest the Townshend Duties? p. 152 (p. 175-6)

9. What was the Boston Massacre? p. 153 (p. 177-8)

10. What was the purpose of the Tea Act, according to the British government? p. 154-5 (p. 179)

11. What did the First Continental Congress declare with regard to Parliament's right to tax the colonies and regulate their trade? p. 158-60 (p. 182)

12. Who fired the first shot at Lexington, Massachusetts? p. 161 (p. 184)

13. What was the message of Lord Dunmore's Proclamation? p. 162 (p. 184-5)

14. Who was Phyllis Wheatley and what were her accomplishments? p. 163 (p. 185)

 

Chapter 7: "The War for America, 1775-1783"

1. What was the initial goal of the Second Continental Congress? p. 167 (p. 193)

2. Why was the Second Continental Congress hesitant to break completely with Britain when it met in 1775? p. 167 (p. 193)

3. Who wrote Common Sense and what was its message? p. 169-70 (p. 195-6)

4. What obstacles faced the British army during the Revolutionary War? p. 172 (p. 198)

5. What challenges did General Washington face with regard to manpower within the Continental army? p. 172-3 (p. 198-9)

6. Where did the British concentrate their troops by the end of 1776? p. 173 (p. 202)

7. How did Native Americans react to the war? p. 178 (p. 204)

8. What happened to the valuation of money after the Continental Congress deicded to issue paper money? p. 182-3 (p. 210))

9. How did the Continental Congress pay soldiers serving in the Continental army in the wake of depreciated currency? p. 182-3 (p. 210)

10. How was a treasonable act punished by the American government? p. 178 (p. 205; 208)

11. Why was army morale low during the winter of 1777-78? p. 182 (p. 212)

12. What was France's motivation in allying itself with the United States after the battle of Saratoga? p. 186 (p. 214)

13. How did the French help the Americans win at Yorktown in 1781? p. 189 (p. 218-9)

14. What did the Treat of Paris, ending the Revolutionary War, mean for Indians? p. 191 (p. 222)

 

Chapter 8: "Building a Republic, 1775-1789"

1. What did the various state constitutions have in common with one another regarding separation of powers in state government? p. 201-2 (p. 232)

2. Why did most states spell out rights and liberties within their state constitutions? p. 201-2 (p. 232)

3. What was unusual about how Massachusetts slave Elizabeth Freeman achieved her freedom in 1781? p. 204-5 (p. 234)

4. How did General Washington neutralize the Newburgh Conspiracy? p 207-8 (p. 238)

5. What did Congress accomplish with the land ordinances of 1784 and 1785? p. 209-11 (p. 240-1)

6. How did Indian treaties of the 1780s impede continued white settlement in the Northwest Territory? p.210 (p. 241)

7. What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 say about slavery? p. 211 (p. 242)

8. What is the connection between Shays' Rebellion and the decision to overhaul the Articles of Confederation? p. 212-3 (p. 244)

9.What did the majority of delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention believe about the viability of the Articles of Confederation? p. 214 (p. 246)

10. Why did small population states object to the Vriginia Plan as presented at the beginning of the Constitutional Convention? p.215-6 (p. 247)

11. How did the convention delegates decide to count slaves when determining apportionment of representatives? p. 216 (p. 247)

12. What mechanism did the delegates come up with to choose the president? p. 216 (p. 248)

13. Which three populous states opposed the 1787 Constitution? p.217-8 (p. 248)

14. . What is the definition of "federalist" and "anti-federalist" with regard to support of the new constitution? p.217-8 (p. 248-251)

15. Why did James Madison describe--in Federalist #10--representative government as the "republican remedy" to the problem of faction? p. 222 (p. 254)

 

 

Test #4 (Chapters 9 -12)

Chapter 9: "The New Nation Takes Form, 1789-1800"

1. How did different viewpoints about Britain and France help create the rift between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton? p. 226 (p. 260)

2. How did George Washington conduct himself once he became president? p. 227 (p. 261)

3. What promise with regard to ratification of the Constitution was redeemed with the creation of the Bill of Rights by the first Congress? p. 229 (p. 264)

4. What is the issue in the ninth and tenth amendments to the Constitution? p. 229 (p. 264)

5. Acccording to republican ideals, what was the primary role for women in early America? p. 229-30 (p. 264-5)

6. Why did Secretary of Treasury Hamilton adovcate replacing old certificates of debt with new government bonds? p. p. 233-4 (p. 266)

7. Why did Secretary of Treasury Hamilton adovcate federal assumption of the individual states' old Revolutionary Wary debt? p. 234 (p. 266-7)

8. What caused the Whiskey Rebellion and how did the federal government respond to it? p. 235-6 (p. 269)

9. What was the policy of the American government toward Indians in the Northwest Territory? p. 238 (p. 272)

10. What clash with Indians in the Northwest Territory led to the Treaty of Grenville? p. 238-9 (p. 273-4)

11. Why was the Jay Treaty not supported by many Americans? p. 242-4 (p. 276)

12. By the late 1790s, what foreign nation tended to have the support of the Republican party? p. 245 (p. 279)

13. Who won the presidency and vice-presidency in 1796? p. 246 (p. 279-80)

14. What was the "XYZ Affair"? p. 246-7 (p. 280)

15. What was the purpose of the 1798 Sedition Act? p. 247 (p. 281-2)

16. What opinion of party politics did Thomas Jefferson suggest in his inaugural address? p. 249-50 (p. 285)

 

Chapter 10: "Republicans in Power, 1800-1824"

1. What did Thomas Jefferson mean when he called his election to the presidency the "revolution of 1800"? p. 255 (p. 291)

2. What was the purpose of the 1801 "midnight judges" appointments by out-going president John Adams? p.259 (p. 293)

3. What was the lasting significance of the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison? p. 259 (p. 293)

4. Why was the United States concerned when Spain returned control of Louisiana to France? p. 260 (p. 295)

5. What was the result of Robert Livingston's negotiations with France for the purchase of the city of New Orleans? p. 260-1 (p. 295-6)

6. What was the government's response to the sinking of the ship Chesapeake in 1807? 265 (p. 300)

7. From what part of the United States did the "War Hawk" congressmen come? p. 267 (p. 303)

8. Why did congressmen from New England and some Middle Atlantic states oppose declaring war on Britain in 1812? p. 267 ( p. 303)

9. How did state legislatures react to the opportunity to rewrite laws of domestic relations during the early years of the United States? p. 270 (p. 306)

10. Why were slave marriages not governed by the same unequal power relationship characteristic of white marriage? p. 270 (p. 306)

11. For what career did female seminaries (academies) prepare women? p. 273 (p. 307-8)

12. What political alliances were made in the House of Representatives to ensure passage of the Missouri Compromise of 1820? p. 276 (p. 312)

13. How did the lack of multiple political parties complicate the presidential election of 1824? p. 278 (p. 314-5)

14. What was Henry Clay's "American System"? p. 278 (p. 315)

15. In what area did President John Quincy Adams consider himself to be continuing the work of previous presidents Jefferson and Madison? p. 279 (p. 316)

 

Chapter 11: "The Expanding Republic, 1815-1840"

1. Why were canals important to the national economy? p. 284-5 (p. 324)

2. Why were wages low for Massachusetts mill workers? p. 286-7 (p. 326-7)

3. What role did bankers have in the economy of the nation during the Jackson Era? p. 287 (p.327)

4. What belief about self-determination was a hallmark of the Jacksonian Era? p. 290-1 (p. 330-1)

5. How did political leaders feel about party politics/partisanship after 1828? p. 292 (p. 331)

6. Why did the numbers of voters increase between 1824 and 1828? p. 291 (p. 331)

7. What was the Trail of Tears? p. 295 (p. 334)

8. What argument about nullification was made by John Calhoun in response to the Tariff of Abominations? p.296 (p. 337)

9. How did church membership change during the first decades of the 1800s? p. 300 (p. 342)

10. What social reform group warned against the evils of alcohol abuse? p. 301 (p. 343)

11. Who was William Lloyd Garrison and what did he advocate in his newspaper? p. 302 (p. 345)

12. What obstacles did female abolitionist lecturers face that their male counterparts did not? 303-4 (p. 346)

13. Why was Martin Van Buren known as "The Little Magician" in political circles? p. 305 (p. 347)

14. On what did Whigs blame the Panic of 1837? p. 308 (p. 350-1)


Chapter 12: "The New West and Free North, 1840-1860"

1. What four fundamental changes in American society fueled the phenomenal economic growthhe growth of the 1840s-50s? p. 313 (p. 359)

2. What arguments were made in favor of "free-labor" by people in the north and west? p. 319 (p. 364)

3. What did John O'Sullivan mean by the term "manifest destiny"? p. 323 (p. 370)

4. How did the U.S. and Britain resolve their competing claims to the Oregon country? p. 323 (p. 370)

5.How did Mormons in Utah adapt to the dry climate? p. 326 (p. 374)

6. Most of the settlers responding to Stephen Austin's land sales in Texas came from what part of the U.S.? p. 327 (p. 375)

7. What effect did Sam Houston's attack on Santa Anna at San Jacinto have on Texas independence? p. 328 (p. 376)

8. How did President John Tyler secure approval for the annexation of Texas? p. 330 (p. 378)

9. How did the U.S. acquire what is now the southwestern states? 330-2 (p. 378-381)

10. What were the terms of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? p. 335 (p. 381)

11. Why did massive numbers of immigrants go to California during late 1840s? p. 336 (p. 382)

12. What did New England transcendentalists believe? p. 338 (p. 385)

13. What beliefs were advocated at the 1848 Seneca Falls women's rights convention? p. 338-9 (p. 386-7)

14. How did abolitionists make their issue more attractive to white northerners? p. 339 (p. 387)

15. By 1855, what was the most notable success to date for African-Americans in New England? p. 340 (p. 388)


Test #5 (Chapters 13 -16)

Chapter 13: "The Slave South, 1820-1860"

1. What role did westward expansion of cotton production have on increasing southern political power? p. 346 (p. 395)

2. What percentage of world cotton supplies came from the American south by 1860? p. 346 (p. 395)

4. How did slavery contribute to race consensus amongst whites in the South? p. 348 (p. 396-7)

3. Why did newly arrived European immigrants settle in the North instead of the South? p. 353-4 (p. 403)

5. What did plantation owners mean by the term "paternalism"? p. 355 (p. 404)

7. How did southern men's emphasis on chivalry affect southern law? p. 358 (p. 408)

6. What issue did the diarist Mary Chestnut Boykin expose as being of great concern to planter class women? p. 359 (p. 409)

8. What tasks were assigned to elderly male slaves? p. 360 (p. 411)

9. What was an advantage of being a house servant instead of a field hand? p. 360 (p. 411)

10. What was the most common way for slaves to protest their bondage? p. 362-3 (p. 414)

11. To what did most yeoman farmers aspire in the old South? p. 364 (p. 416)

12. In what respect did yeoman farmers depend on the planter class? p. 364 (p. 416)

14. What educational opportunities were available for free blacks in the antebellum South? p. 366 (p. 419)

13. By the 1850s, who was eligible to vote in the Southern states? p. 367 (p. 420)


Chapter 14: "The House Divided, 1846-1861"

1. What was proposed by the 1846 Wilmot Proviso? p. 373 (p. 430)

2. What was the meaning of "popular sovereignty" as understood by Senator Lewis Cass? p. 375 (p. 430)

3. What was the underlying issue in congressional debates during 1849-50 that led to the Compromise of 1850? p. 376-7 (p. 432-4)

4. What were the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Act that was part of the Compromise of 1850? p.379 (p. 434)

5. What was Stephen Douglas's purpose in repealing the Missouri Compromise in the Kansas-Nebraska Act? p. 382 (p. 437)

6. What effect did the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act have on political party realignment? p.383 (p. 438)

7. Around what issue did northern Republicans rally in 1854? p. 385 (p. 440)

8. What did the presidential election of 1856 reveal about the relative strengths/weaknesses of the Democractic and Republican parties? p. 385-6 (p. 443-4)

9. What did the 1857 Dred Scott Supreme Court decision say about blacks and U.S. citizenship? p. 390 (p. 448)

10. How did Abraham Lincoln's views on the extension of slavery influence his search for a political party home in the mid-1850s? p. 391 (p. 449)

11. How did the Lincoln-Douglas debates help inrease Abraham Lincoln's national profile? p. 392-3 (p. 451)

12. What happened to John Brown after his raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia? p. 393 (p. 451)

13. What factors led to Abraham Lincoln being chosen as the Republican presidential candidate in 1860? p. 395 (p. 453)

14. What states tended to support Lincoln in the 1860 presidential election? p.395 (p. 454)

15. Why did slave states in the Upper South initially resist secession? p. 396 (p. 455)

16. How did out-going President James Buchanan respond to secession of the southern states? p. 396 (p. 455-6)

17. How did Lincoln address the crisis in his inaugural address? p. 397 (p. 456)

 

 

Chapter 15: "The Crucible of War, 1861-1865"

1. What event marked the official beginning of the Civil War? p. 401-2 (p. 463-4)

2. What was the situation in the border states of Missouri and Kentucky as th Civil War began? p.402 (p. 464)

3. Why did white Southerners from all classes enlist to fight against the north? p. 403 (p. 465)

4. How did most Northerners view secession? p. 403 (p. 465)

5. What was the status of the war in the eastern theater at the end of 1862? p. 408 (p. 470)

6. How did General Ulysses Grant create a sophisticated war machine? p. 410 (p. 471)

7. What was "King Cotton diplomacy" and why did it fail? p. 411 (p. 474)

8. What was Lincoln's motivation for issuing the Emancipation Proclamation? p. 414 (p. 476-7)

9. How did free black men of fighting age in the North respond to the outbreak of the Civil War? p. 414-5 (p. 478)

10. What was the "twenty-Negro law" in the South? p. 419 (p. 481-2)

11. What contributions did women make to the Northern war effort? p. 422 (p. 484)

12. What was the result of the Battle of Vicksburg in 1863? p. 424 (p. 486)

13. In what state did General William T. Sherman initially employ his scorched-earth campaign? p. 427 (p. 491)

14. What factors contributed to the demoralization of Confederate troops by the last months of the war? p. 430 (p. 493)

15. What terms did General Grant offer to General Lee at Appomattox Court House in April of 1865? p. 430 (p. 493)

 

Chapter 16: "Reconstruction, 1863-1877"

1. Under Lincoln's plan for reconstructions, what was required of a Confederate state before it was readmitted to the Union? p. 435 (p. 501)

2. Why were pardons to former Confederate soldiers under Lincoln's Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction important with regard to property? p. 435 (p. 501)

3. What effect did the policies of the Freeman's Bureau and "Sherman land" have on the aspirations of former slaves? p. 437 (p. 503)

4. Why did President Andrew Johnson's quck reconstruction plan shock reformers? p. 441 (p. 508)

5. What was the purpose of southern states' "black codes"? p. 441 (p. 508)

6. How did moderate and radical Republicans differ in 1865 with regard to black suffrage and black land ownership? p. 443 (p. 509-10)

7. What was the outcome of President Johnson's attempt to unite opponents to the Fourteenth Amendment? p. 445-6 (p. 511)

8. What was the purpose of the Fifteenth Amendment? p. 447 (p. 515)

9. How did the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment shape future Republican Party policy with regard to black civil rights? p. 447 (p. 515)

10. How did the Ku Klux Klan begin and develop? p. 448 (p. 518)

11. What happened to most sharecroppers once they borrowed goods on a crop lien? p. 453 (p. 523)

12. What effect did Supreme Court decisions have on reconstruction in the South following the Civil War? p. 457 (p. 526)

13. Who were southern "redeemers"? p. 458 (p. 526-7)

14. What was the result in the Compromise of 1877? p. 460 (p. 529)

 


Here are a few sample test questions:

How did the English monarchs James I and Charles I react to the ideas of Puritan reformers?

A) Both monarchs embraced strict Catholicism.

B) Both worked with Parliament to ease religious tensions.

C) Both struggled to implement Protestant reforms.

D) Both enforced conformity to the Church of England.

Penny press newspapers became popular with American readers in the 1830s by featuring
A) sophisticated analysis of political issues.
B) highbrow literature in serialized form.
C) breezy political coverage, irreverent editorials on current events, and crime reporting.
D) all of the above.

In the Lower South in 1860,
A) blacks outnumbered whites in all states.
B) whites outnumbered blacks in all states.
C) the numbers of whites and blacks were almost equal in number.
D) there were about as many blacks as there were in the North.


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