HIST 1301 Study Guide

David M. Lauderback, Ph.D.

Professor of History

STUDY GUIDE
U.S. HISTORY I

QUIZZES

NOTE: Learning objectives and directions for the Exams can be found below. Quiz directions start at the top of the Study Guide.

Testing Policy

Chapter Quizzes

Combined, the Chapter Quizzes equal the value of one Unit Exam toward your final grade.

Students will take 15 Chapter Quizzes, one for each chapter in Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History, vol. 1. Each Chapter Quiz is available via the course Blackboard page. To receive full credit, students must submit the Chapter Quizzes by 10:30 am on the date the Chapter Quiz is due in the Course Schedule. If the quiz is submitted after 10:30 am on the date the Chapter Quiz is due in the Course Schedule, it will be treated as a "late." The highest score you can receive on a late quiz is 18/25 (72%).

The deadline for all late quizzes is the deadline for the 5th Exam. If you do not complete any quiz by the deadline for the 5th Exam, you will receive a 0 for each missing quiz. No quizzes will be accepted after the deadline for Exam 4 listed in the Course Schedule.

Students may:

take the quizzes as soon as the semester begins. All of the exams are available via the course Blackboard page. So you can begin taking quizzes right away;
earn maximum points by taking a quiz by the deadline. You can earn up to 25/25 points if you complete the quiz by the deadline listed in the Course Schedule;
submit the quizzes after the deadline. If you take a quiz after 10:30 am on the deadline dates listed on the Course Schedule, the quiz will count as a "late." The highest score you can earn on a late quiz is 18/25 (72%). And, you must complete all quizzes by the deadline for Exam 4. No quizzes will be accepted after the deadline for Exam 4 listed in the Course Schedule.

Each chapter has a twenty-five (25) question multiple-choice quiz that focuses on the learning objectives found in the Study Guide. Please see the Study Guide for the steps to follow when reading the chapters in Give Me Liberty! and the links on the course Blackboard page to use in order to prepare for the Chapter Quizzes.

Combined, your average on the 15 quizzes equals one exam.

REMEMBER: I am always happy to meet before and after quizzes and exams to talk about test-taking strategies and how to apply the study guide to the quizzes and exams. Come on by or give me a call during my office hours. Or send me an email. If my office hours do not fit your schedule, let me know and we will set up a time.:)

Preparing for the Chapter Quizzes

Below are a series of steps designed to help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and the Unit Exams. Each of the items below are available via the course Blackboard page. Just click on:

Course Materials -- upper left of the course Blackboard page;
Part 1, 2, 3, or 4 -- select the Part that has the chapter you want; and
Chapter 1 - 15 -- click on the chapter you want to access.

When you open the Chapter page, you will see the links you can access including the Chapter Quiz.

Please note, only the Chapter Quizzes and the Unit Exams will count toward your semester grade. The other steps are set up to help you prepare, first, for the chapter quizzes. Then, you can use the Chapter Quizzes to practice for the the Unit Exams.

I am always happy to meet before and after quizzes and exams to talk about test-taking strategies and how to apply the study guide to the quizzes and exams. Come on by or give me a call during my office hours. Or send me an email. If my office hours do not fit your schedule, let me know and we will set up a time.:)

Step 1: Focus Questions

Each chapter begins with a list of Focus Questions. You can find the Focus Questions at the beginning of every chapter of the textbook. At the bottom of the Study Guide below, you will find the Focus Questions for each chapter and the pages covered by each Focus Question.

Please note that each Focus Question also has some additional, or supplemental, questions listed right below with the page numbers for each supplemental question.

The Focus Questions and the additional supplemental questions are designed to give you the structure to help guide your understanding of the purpose and details of each chapter. Every link in the Course Materials -- the Outline, the Guided Reading Exercises, the Author Videos, the Sources of Freedom & the Voices of Freedom, the US History Tour, the iMap, and all the rest -- are created to help you make sense of the details in the text book. The Focus Questions exist to help you understand not only the details of the people and events of American history, but also why the people who live in United States have acted as they have.

Most important, all of the links on the Course Materials for every chapter have been set up to help answer the Focus Questions.

Why?

Because the questions on the Chapter Quizzes and the questions in the Unit Exams come from the Focus Questions and the additional questions listed below each Focus Question.

See the Guided Reading Exercises below for more details about how to review the text for the Focus Questions and the additional supplemental questions that you will find on the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

See below for the questions in the Guided Reading Exercises by Unit and Chapter.

Step 2: Outline

Before you even begin to read a chapter, spend some time with the Outline. Familiarize yourself with some of the important terms and people. Get a sense of the order in which events took place. See how the author has organized the main information and the subsets for each part of the chapter.

It is okay if you do not understand or are able to memorize each of the details of the Outline the first time if you review the Outline link. Instead, think of the Outline as a way to organize your thoughts about the chapter. Use the Outline to make sense of the main points of each chapter. Then, when you do the Guided Reading Exercises, spend time with the Sources of Freedom and Visions of Freedom links, take the US History Tour, do some of the exercises on iMap, and work with any of the other links in each chapter, return to the Outline to help remind you of the main points of each chapter. Take advantage of the Outline to review, once again, the details you need to answer the Focus Questions.

The Outline is not a required element of the course. The Outline is not graded.

The Outline is an excellent tool to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and will help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 3: Guided Reading Exercises

The Guided Reading Exercises are the most important tool to use for reviewing the material in each chapter and preparing for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

You can find the Guided Reading Exercise for the first Focus question of each chapter available in Course Materials on the course Blackboard page.

You are not required to complete the 1st Guided Reading Exercise for any or all of the chapters. But, if you do complete a Guided Reading Exercise, I will give you feedback on your work. Then, you can use the experience of the Guided Reading Exercise to prepare for the remaining Focus Questions for the chapter.

Remember, each Focus Question covers specific pages in each chapter and, each Focus Question has supplemental questions that each cover specific pages.

So take time when answering the questions in the Guided Reading Exercises.

The Focus Questions have several several important factors, influences, steps, results, or developments (whichever the Focus Question requires). As you do the Guided Reading Exercises to direct your review of the text to find the answers, you ought to find four or five factors, etc. for each Focus Question and each additional sub-question in each Guided Reading Exercise. None of the Focus Questions or the additional questions in the Guided Reading Exercises can be answered with one word answers. As you find the four or five pertinent factors, etc. for each Focus Question and each additional question in each Guided Reading Exercise, WRITE OUT your answers. Then, study your notes. Use the other links in the course Materials to help you review the Focus Questions.

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

If you simply skim the text looking for one word answers to the Focus Questions, you WILL have difficulty with the quizzes and exams. Put the time into studying and reviewing your notes regularly, and you should be pleased with your test results.

The Guided Reading Exercises are not a required element of the course. The Guided Reading Exercises are not graded.

The Guided Reading Exercises are the most important tool to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and will help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

See below for the questions in the Guided Reading Exercises by Exam and Chapter.

Step 4: Author Videos

Each chapter has a series of Author Videos. Eric Foner, the author of Give Me Liberty!, uses the videos to explore some important events and details for each Focus Questions. Watching the videos is a good way to review the main themes of the chapter and think about the Focus Questions.

The Author Videos are not a required element of the course. The Author Videos are not graded.

The Author Videos are an excellent tool to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and will help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 5: Flashcards

Each chapter has a link to a series of "flashcards" that you can use to review the Key Terms from the chapter. You can find the Key Terms at the end of each chapter. You can download and/or print out the flash cards to study at your convenience.

The Flashcards are not a required element of the course. The Flashcards are not graded.

The Flashcards are an excellent way to review the material in each Chapter and will help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 6: Sources of Freedom & Visions of Freedom

Each chapter has series of documents and images that explore differing conceptions of "freedom." Spending time with the Sources of Freedom and the Visions of Freedom will help you think about the ways in which the people who have lived in the Untied States conceive of freedom. And, each of the documents and images are linked directly to the Focus Questions at the beginning of the chapter.

The Sources of Freedom and Visions of Freedom are not a required element of the course. The worksheets attached to the Sources of freedom and Visions of Freedom are not graded.

The Sources of Freedom and Visions of Freedom are excellent tools to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and will help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 7: US History Tour & IMAP

The US history to provides a series of interactive links that's racist Oracle developments across time, touching down on locations vital to our nation's heritage and development. Points of interest in each tour launch primary and multimedia sources you can view through Google Chrome.

Each chapter also has a series of interactive maps, or IMAP. The interactive maps are great way to take a look at the movement of people and ideas overtime. You can really see the evolution of the economy, agriculture, and movement of people over time.

The US History Tour and IMAP are not a required element of the course. The US History Tour and IMAP are not graded.

The US History Tour and IMAP are excellent tools to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and will help you prepare for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 8: Review Questions

At the end of each chapter, you can find a list of Review Questions and Key Terms. The author has written the review questions to help you make sense of the details you just read. Most of all, the review questions help you make sense of the Focus Questions and the additional questions within the Guided Reading Exercises. The Key Terms help you to understand which events, themes, issues, and people, matter most in the chapter. See the Flashcards for how to review the key terms.

The Review Questions are not a required element of the course. The Review Questions are not graded.

The Review Questions are an excellent tool to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and preparing for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 9: InQuizitive

Each chapter has an online module designed to help students review the material before taking the Chapter Quiz: InQuizitive

You can find the link to on InQuizitive on the Textbook link on the course Blackboard page.

The InQuizitive modules are not a required element of the course. The InQuizitive modules are not graded.

The InQuizitive modules are an excellent tool to use when reviewing the material in each chapter and preparing for the Chapter Quizzes and Unit Exams.

Step 10: Chapter Review Quiz

When you are ready to take the Chapter Review Quiz, just go to the course Blackboard page, click on Course Materials, and then click on the link to the Review Quiz.

Once you begin the quiz, you need to complete in one sitting. You will have twenty (20) minutes to complete the quiz. If you submit without answering all the questions, then you will receive zero (0) points for any unanswered questions. Once you submit, the quiz is done. There are no retests for the Chapter Review Quizzes.

Remember, to receive full credit, students must submit the Chapter Review Quizzes by 10:30 am on the date the quiz is due in the Course Schedule. If the quiz is submitted after 10:30 am on the date the Chapter Quiz is due in the Course Schedule, it will be treated as "late." The highest score you can receive on a late quiz is 18/25 (72%).

And remember:

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

Most important, I am always happy to meet before and after quizzes and exams to talk about test-taking strategies and how to apply the study guide to the quizzes and exams. Come on by or give me a call during my office hours. Or send me an email. If my office hours do not fit your schedule, let me know and we will set up a time.:)

Unit Exams

Exams -- 100 points

Students will take four Exams. Each exam will cover a separate chronological period:

1492-1763, 1763-1815, 1815-1840 and 1840-1877.

There will NOT be a comprehensive “final” exam. The last exam will test for the material covered since the third exam.

Each Exam will have 25 multiple-choice questions.

The exams test your ability to analyze the information contained in the textbook, documents, and the class lectures. Memorization will NOT be enough. In order to demonstrate your knowledge of the course materials, you must be able to identify the best answer to each multiple-choice question.

See the Course Schedule for the dates of each Exam.

Retests

Students who fail either of the first two exams will have the opportunity to retest. All retests must be arranged with the instructor and must be taken by the date specified by the instructor. The highest grade that can be earned on a retest is a 18/25 or 72%. Students may NOT use the retest to make up an exam.

Retests will be given at the Riverside Testing Center. For hours, see the ACC Testing Centers or call: 223-3164. And you MUST have an ACC ID before you can take an exam at one of the ACC Testing Centers.

Make-Up Exams

Students who cannot attend class the day an exam is given may have the opportunity to take a make-up exam. Students must contact the instructor BEFORE the scheduled date of the exam to arrange for a make-up exam. ONLY STUDENTS WHO RECEIVE PERMISSION FROM THE INSTRUCTOR MAY TAKE A MAKE-UP EXAM. See the Course Schedule for the date when you take a make-up exam.

All make-up exams for each of the first three exams will be given at the Riverside Testing Center. THERE WILL BE NO EXCEPTIONS TO THIS POLICY. For hours, see the ACC Testing Centers or call: 223-3164. Remember, you MUST have an ACC ID before you can take an exam at one of the ACC Testing Centers.

Two things to remember about the Unit Exams:

the Unit Exams are more difficult than the Chapter Quizzes; AND
it is your overall course average which determines your final grade.

How so?

The Chapter Quizzes require you to apply what you have learned from one chapter. The Unit Exams require you to apply what you have learned from three (3) or four (4) chapters. See the Course Schedule for which chapters are covered in which units.

2.) Your overall course average determines your final grade. In that sense, you may fail one or more exams and still pass the course provided that your average of all 4 grades is 70% or better. In order to receive the maximum score on an exam, students must take exams no later than the deadline listed in the Course Schedule. If you take the exam after the deadline, then it counts as a re-test. See the re-test policy above.

And remember:

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

EXAMS

NOTE: Learning objectives and directions for the Exams can be found below. Quiz directions start at the top of the Study Guide.

NOTICE:
!!EXAMS 1-4 REQUIRE MUCH MORE PREPARATION THAN the QUIZZES!!
!!EXAMS 1-4 ARE MUCH MORE DIFFICULT THAN the QUIZZES!!
YOU MUST PAY ATTENTION TO THE QUESTIONS ON THE TESTS
AND CAREFULLY APPLY
WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM
THE STUDY GUIDE BELOW

REMEMBER, ALWAYS HAPPY TO VISIT.:)
WE CAN MEET BEFORE AND AFTER YOUR EXAMS TO TALK ABOUT TEST TAKING STRATEGIES AND HOW TO APPLY THE STUDY GUIDE TO THE EXAMS.

JUST ASK.:)

*************************************************************************************

GUIDED READING EXERCISE QUESTIONS

Exam 1: “The New World” 1492-1763

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

Ch. 1 “A New World”

Focus Question 1. What were the major patterns of Native American life in North America before Europeans arrived? pp. 3-11

How did Europeans make sense of native societies? pp. 3-10

What regional differences in native societies and economies existed on the North American continent before European arrival? pp. 10-11

Focus Question 2. How did Indian and European ideas of freedom differ on the eve of contact? pp. 12-15

How did native societies understand freedom? pp. 12-13

How did European Christians understand liberty, and what role did authority play in their concept of liberty? pp. 13-15

Focus Question 3. What impelled European explorers to look west across the Atlantic? pp. 15-18

What set Chinese exploration apart from European missions? pp. 15-16

Why and how did the Portuguese expand their empire in the fifteenth century? pp. 15-17

How did the voyages of Christopher Columbus come about? pp. 18

Focus Question 4. What happened when the peoples of the Americas came in contact with Europeans? pp. 18-22

What accounted for the speed of the Spanish exploration and conquest of the Americas? pp. 19-21

How did the arrival of Europeans in the Americas change the population of the continent? pp. 21-22

Focus Question 5. What were the chief features of the Spanish empire in America? pp. 23-33

What role did religion play in the Spanish colonies? pp. 25-27

How did the Spanish exploration fare on the northern continent? pp. 29-33

Focus Question 6. What were the chief features of the French and Dutch empires in North America? pp. 34-44

Explain the relationship between French colonists and natives. pp. 34-38

Characterize the Dutch colonial experiment in the Americas. pp. 38-44

Ch. 2 “Beginnings of English America, 1607-1660”

Focus Question 1. What were the main contours of English colonization in the seventeenth century? pp. 48-57

Discuss the role of religion for English colonial expansion in the Americas. pp. 48-50

Explain the social conditions in England that helped drive the colonization movement in the Americas. pp. 51-52

Focus Question 2. What obstacles did the English Settlers in the Chesapeake overcome? pp. 53-57

Explain the opportunities land offered English colonists and the obstacles they faced in the acquisition of land. pp. 54-55

Focus Question 3. How did Virginia and Maryland develop in their early years? pp. 57-65

Explain the role of native tribes in the early years of the Jamestown colony. pp. 59-61

What role did tobacco play in the growth of the Chesapeake colonies? pp. 61-62

Focus Question 4. What made the English settlement of New England distinctive? pp. 65-72

Discuss the role of fathers in seventeenth-century Puritan society. pp. 69-70

What motivated Puritans to immigrate to the New World? pp. 67-69

Focus Question 5. What were the main sources of discord in early New England? pp. 72-83

Why did Massachusetts Puritans fear Anne Hutchinson? pp. 75-6

How did New Englanders make their living in the seventeenth century? pp. 80-81

Focus Question 6. How did the English Civil War affect the colonies in America? pp. 83-87

Explain the causes of the English Civil War. pp. 83-84

How did the English Civil War change life in the colonies? pp. 85-87

Ch. 3 “Creating Anglo America, 1660-1750”

Focus Question 1. How did the English empire in America expand in the mid-seventeenth century? pp. 90-97

Explain the Mercantilist System. pp. 90-92

What distinguished the colony of Pennsylvania in the seventeenth pp. century? 96-97

Focus Question 2. How was slavery established in the Western Atlantic world? pp. 97-105

Describe slavery in the West Indies. pp. 99-101

Explain the rise of slavery in the Chesapeake. pp. 102

How did Bacon's Rebellion affect the American colonies? pp. 103-104

Focus Question 3. What major social and political crises rocked the colonies in the late seventeenth century? pp.105-111

What triggered the Glorious Revolution, and how did this event change England? pp. 106-108

Explain the fear of witchcraft and significance of the Salem witchcraft trials. pp. 109-111

Focus Question 4. What were the directions of social and economic change in the eighteenth-century colonies? pp. 111-123

Explain the causes and the scope of diversity in the colonial population of the early-eighteenth century. pp. 112-115

How did Indian life change in eighteenth-century American colonies prior to the Revolution? pp. 116-117

Focus Question 5. Focus Question 5. How did patterns of class and gender roles change in eighteenth century America? pp. 123-129

Describe the elites of the American colonies in the eighteenth century. pp. 123-126

What place did women occupy in the American colonies at mid-eighteenth century? pp. 127-128

Ch. 4 “Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire, to 1763”

Focus Question 1. How did African Slavery differ regionally in eighteenth-century North America? pp. 134-143

Explain the role of the slave trade within the Atlantic world in the eighteenth century. pp. 134-137

Discuss the experience of the slave trade from a slave's perspective. pp. 137-140

Explain the "Rice Kingdom" of South Carolina in the eighteenth century. pp. 140-142

Focus Question 2. What factors led to distinct African-American cultures in the eighteenth century? pp. 143-148

How did African slaves develop an African-American culture in eighteenth-century America? pp. 143-146

How did African slaves resist their bondage in colonial America? pp. 146-148

Focus Question 3. What were the meanings of British liberty in the eighteenth century? pp. 148-152

Explain what the British constitution was. pp. 149-150

What did the concept of republicanism contribute to politics in the eighteenth century, and why did it gain popularity? pp. 150-151

Focus Question 4. What concepts and institutions dominated colonial politics in the eighteenth century? pp. 152-160

How did American colonials govern themselves at mid-eighteenth century? pp. 154-156

Discuss the Enlightenment in eighteenth-century America. pp. 159-160

Focus Question 5. How did the Great Awakening challenge the religious and social structure of British North America? pp. 160-163

What triggered the Great Awakening in the colonies, and what did it offer colonists? pp. 160-161

What were the consequences of the Great Awakening? pp. 161-162

Focus Question 6. How did the Spanish and French empires in America develop in the eighteenth century? pp. 163-168

Discuss the Spanish exploration of California in the eighteenth century. pp. 165-167

Discuss the French empire in North America in the eighteenth century. pp. 167-168

Focus Question 7. What was the impact of the Seven Years’ War on imperial and Indian-white relations? pp. 168-177

Discuss the global reach and consequences of the Seven Years' War. pp. 169-171

How did the Seven Years' War change the situation for Native Americans, and how did they respond? pp. 171-172

*************************************************************************************

Exam 2: “Building a Nation” 1763-1815

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

Ch. 5 “The American Revolution, 1763-1783”

Focus Question 1. What were the roots and significance of the Stamp Act controversy? pp. 180-188

How did the Seven Years' War change the approach of the British imperial government toward the colonies? pp. 181-182

Explain the debate over the relationship between representation and taxation. pp. 183-185

Focus Question 2. What key events sharpened the divisions between Britain and the colonists in the late 1760s and early 1770s? pp. 189-193

Explain the colonial consumer boycott and the role women played in this movement in the late 1760s. pp. 189-190

Explain the causes of the Boston Tea Party. pp. 192

Focus Question 3. What key events marked the move toward American independence? pp. 193-204

Explain the significance of the Continental Congress. pp. 193-194

What made Thomas Paine's Common Sense so popular? pp. 197-199

Focus Question 4. How were American forces able to prevail in the Revolutionary War? pp. 204-214

Discuss the experience of African-Americans in the Revolutionary War. pp. 205-207

Explain the significance of the Battle of Saratoga. pp. 208-210

Ch. 6 “The Revolution Within”

Focus Question 1. How did equality become a stronger component of American freedom after the Revolution? pp. 218-223

How did the revolution expand democratic governance in Pennsylvania? pp. 219-221

Why did property matter so much to voting rights in the new state constitutions? pp. 221-222

Why did some promote education as necessary for the new republic? p. 222

Focus Question 2. How did the expansion of religious liberty after the Revolution reflect the new American ideal of freedom? pp. 223-228

How did the American Revolution change the fate of American Catholics? pp. 224

Explain how the founding fathers understood the role of religion in politics. pp. 225

Focus Question 3. How did the definition of economic freedom change after the Revolution and who benefited from the changes? pp. 228-232

How did the Revolution alter the relationship between labor and freedom in America? pp. 228-229

Discuss the challenges inflation posed at the time of the War of Independence and how this issue stirred debates over freedom. pp. 230-231

Focus Question 4. How did the Revolution diminish the freedoms of both Loyalists and Native Americans? pp. 232 237

How did British loyalists in the American colonies fare in the War of Independence and thereafter? pp. 232-235

How did the American Revolution change the prospect of North American Indians? pp. 235-237

Focus Question 5. What was the impact of the Revolution on slavery? pp. 237-245

Discuss the ways in which African-Americans used the revolutionary movement for their own liberation. pp. 241-242

Explain the process of abolition in the North as a result of the Revolution. pp. 243-244

Focus Question 6. How did the Revolution affect the status of women? pp. 245-252.

How did women participate in the American Revolution? pp. 246-250

What changes did the political philosophy of republicanism bring for women in the wake of the American Revolution? pp. 250-251

Ch. 7 “Founding a Nation, 1783-1791”

Focus Question 1. What were the achievements and problems of the Confederation government? pp. 255-263

Explain the challenge that the West and native Americans posed for the new Confederation government. pp. 257-58

How did the Confederation Congress use land Ordinances to determine the future of slavery? Pp. 258-260

What were the limitations of the Articles of Confederation? pp. 260-261

Focus Question 2. What major disagreements and compromises molded the final content of the Constitution? pp. 263-270

How did the different plans seek to create a balance between federal and state governments, and between large and small states? pp. 264-265

What compromises did the Constitution make on the institution of slavery? pp. 267-269

Focus Question 3. How did Anti-Federalist concerns raised during the ratification process lead to the creation of the Bill of Rights? pp. 270-279

What were the concerns of the Anti-Federalists? pp. 272-274

Identify the provisions of the Bill of Rights and explain their origins. pp. 274-279

Focus Question 4. How did the definition of citizenship in the new republic exclude Native Americans and African-Americans? pp. 279-286

Where did Native Americans fit in the republic under the new U.S. Constitution? pp. 280-282

Explain Jefferson’s position on the role of race for the individual and in society. pp. 284-285

Ch. 8 “Securing the Republic, 1791-1815”

Focus Question 1. What issues made the politics of the 1790s so divisive? pp. 289-301

What were Hamilton’s plans for the nation’s economic recovery? pp. 290-291

How did the French Revolution shape American national politics in the 1790s? pp. 292-293

How did the the role of women in the increase in the "public sphere"? pp. 296-301

Focus Question 2. How did competing views of freedom and global events promote the political divisions of the 1790s? pp. 301-308

How did Republicans respond to the Alien and Sedition Acts of the Adams administration? pp. 303

How did Americans respond to the Haitian Revolution and Gabriel's Rebellion? pp. 306-307

Focus Question 3. What were the achievements and failures of Jefferson’s presidency? pp. 309-316

How did the Marshall Court introduce the concept of "judicial review"? pp. 309-310

Explain the irony of Thomas Jefferson's acquisition of Louisiana. pp. 310-311

What were the reasons for the Embargo Act of 1807, and what were its consequences? pp. 314-315

Focus Question 4. What were the causes and significant results of the War of 1812? pp. 316-323

Explain the significance of Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa in the escalating conflict on the western frontier. pp. 316-318

Discuss the consequences of the War of 1812. pp. 321-323

*************************************************************************************

Exam 3: “The Market Revolution” 1820-1840

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

Ch. 9 “The Market Revolution, 1800-1840”

Focus Question 1. What were the main elements of the market revolution? pp. 327-337

How did technological innovations in transportation change the American economy in the first half of the nineteenth century? pp. 328-331

How did improvements in transportation and communication alter the population distribution of the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century? pp. 331-335

How did the rise of the “Cotton Kingdom” change life in the South? pp. 335-337

Focus Question 2. How did the market revolution spark social change? Pp. 337-347

How did the development of a market economy change town and country in the United States? pp. 338

How did the “factory system” change the life of the “industrial worker?” pp. 338-342

What new challenges and opportunities emerged with the growth of immigration in antebellum America? pp. 342-346

Focus Question 3. How did the meanings of American freedom change in this period? 347-356

How did Transcendentalists respond to the market revolution? pp. 349

How did the market revolution change religious thought about freedom and individual responsibility? pp. 349-350

How did the Second Great Awakening draw on the individualism of the ear and change how Americans saw faith? pp. 351-352

Focus Question 4. How did the market revolution affect the lives of workers, women, and African-Americans? Pp. 356-362

Why were African-Americans not able to take advantage of the new market economy? pp. 357-358

What improvements did the new "cult of domesticity" bring to women's lives, and what disadvantages did the new conception of femininity have? pp. 358-360

Why did early labor movements stress the "liberty of living?" pp. 361-362?

Ch. 10 “Democracy in America, 1815-1840”

Focus Question 1. What were the social bases for the flourishing democracy of the early mid-nineteenth century? pp. 366-373

What did Alexis de Toqueville say about Americans? pp. 367-368

How did the market economy and its technologies shape the "information revolution" in the 1830s? pp. 368-369

How did the expansion of democracy affect Women and African-Americans in the 1830s? pp. 371-373

Focus Question 2. What efforts were made in this period to strengthen the economic integration of the nation, and what major crises hindered these efforts? pp. 373-379

Explain the "American System" and its benefits. pp. 373-374

How did the Supreme Court respond to the challenges of the market revolution? 376

Why did the nation face a crisis with the admission of Missouri in 1819? 376-377

Focus Question 3. What were the major areas of conflict between nationalism and sectionalism? pp. 379-387

Explain the significance of the Monroe Doctrine. pp. 381

Why did Congress have to decide the Elec. of 1824. pp. 381-382

How did Martin Van Buren's concept of politics challenge the likes of John Quincy Adams in the Elec. of 1828? pp. 381-386

Focus Question 4. In what ways did Andrew Jackson embody the contradictions of democratic nationalism? pp. 387-397

How did the Democrats differ from the Whigs in the rise of the “party system” in the United States? pp. 387-388

Why did John C. Calhoun insist on the principle of nullification? pp. 391-393

Explain the role of the United States Supreme Court in the fight of the Cherokee Indians against their removal from western Georgia. pp. 394-397

Focus Question 5. How did the Bank War influence the economy and party competition? pp. 397-402

What role did the end of the Bank of the United States have in causing the Panic of 1837? pp. 399-400

Why did Jacksonian Democrats lose the 1840 election after they had risen to such broad prominence since 1828? pp. 401-402

Ch. 11 “The Peculiar Institution”

Focus Question 1. How did slavery shape social and economic relations in the Old South? pp. 405-418

How did cotton shape the institution of slavery in the antebellum South? pp. 406-407

How did slavery shape the national economy? Pp. 407-410

Explain the relationship between white slaveowners and non-slaveholding whites. pp. 410-413

Focus Question 2. What were the legal and material constraints on slaves’ lives and work? pp. 418-428

What was the legal status of slaves in the southern United States? pp. 418-419

Discuss the different working conditions of slaves in the antebellum South. pp. 419-420

Explain the various systems of slave labor in the South. pp. 425-428

Focus Question 3. How did family, gender, religion, and values combine to create distinct slave cultures in the Old South? pp. 428-433

How did slavery shape the African-American family? pp. 428-430

How did gender and religion shape the life of slaves in the South? pp. 430-431

How did African-American slaves think about freedom? pp. 432-433

Focus Question 4. What were the major forms of resistance to slavery? pp. 433-440

What types of resistance to slavery did African-Americans practice? pp. 434-436

Why did organized slave revolts in the United States fail? pp. 437-439

Ch. 12 “An Age of Reform, 1820-1840”

Focus Question 1. What were the major movements and goals of antebellum reform? pp.442-451

How did religious utopian communities try to reorganize American society in the early nineteenth century? pp. 443-447

How did the growing white middle class, especially women, try to reform American society in the antebellum years? pp. 448-451

Focus Question 2. What were the different varieties of abolitionism? pp. 452-459

What was the appeal and what were the limits of the colonization movement? pp. 452-453

Discuss the role of William Lloyd Garrison in the abolitionist movement. pp. 453-454

How did abolitionists spread their message? Pp. 454-457

Focus Question 3. How did abolitionism challenge barriers to racial equality and free speech? pp. 459-464

How did abolitionists change conceptions of race in American society? pp. 459-460

Who opposed abolitionism, and why? pp. 462-463

Focus Question 4. What were the diverse sources of the antebellum women’s rights movement and its significance? pp. 464-474

How did women first enter the public sphere in early-nineteenth-century America? pp. 464-465

How did women broaden American notions of freedom before the Civil War? pp. 466-468

What role did women's wage work play in the formation of a women’s movement? pp. 468-472

*************************************************************************************

Exam 4: “A Nation Divided” 1840-1877

Follow the steps in the Study Guide and you ought to do well on the exams.

Ch. 13 “A House Divided, 1840-1861”

Focus Question 1. What were the major factors contributing to U.S. territorial expansion in the 1840s? pp. 477-490

How did Texas become part of the United States? pp. 479-481

Why did Polk push war with Mexico?483-484

How did California become a center of American settlement? pp. 487-489

Focus Question 2. Why did the expansion of slavery become the most divisive political issue in the 1840s and 1850s? 490-498

How did the victory over Mexico intensify the political conflict over slavery? pp. 491-494

How did the new Fugitive Slave Act intensify the conflict over slavery? pp. 494-496

Why did Stephen Douglass efforts to promote “popular sovereignty” fail to resolve the slavery issues in the United States? pp. 496-498

Focus Question 3. What combination of issues and events fueled the creation of the Republican Party in the 1850s? pp. 498-502

Explain the origins of the Republican Party. pp. 500-502

Discuss the significance of Kansas in the escalation of the sectional conflict. pp. 502-503

Focus Question 4. What enabled Lincoln to emerge as president from the divisive party politics of the 1850s? pp. 503-514

Discuss the case of Dred Scott and its political significance. pp. 503-505

Discuss the events at Harpers Ferry in October 1859 and their aftermath. pp. 508-509

How did Southern divisions doom the Democrats in the Election of 1860? pp. 512-514

Focus Question 5. What were the final steps on the road to secession? pp. 514-517

Explain the motivations for southern states to secede. pp. 514-515

Explain Lincoln's response to the challenge of secession. pp. 515-516

Ch. 14 “A New Birth of Freedom: The Civil War, 1861-1865”

Focus Question 1. Why is the Civil War considered the first modern war? pp. 521-529

What was modern about the fighting experience in the Civil War? pp. 521-524

Compare the strengths of the Union to the advantages of the Confederacy. pp. 524-52

How did the fighting in the West differ from the battles in the East? pp. 526-529

Focus Question 2. How did a war to preserve the Union become a war to end slavery? pp.529-536

How did slaves turn the war for the Union into a war for liberation? pp. 529-530

Discuss the struggle of African-Americans to gain the right to fight in the Civil War. pp. 533-536

Focus Question 3. How did the Civil War transform the national economy and create a stronger nation-state? pp. 536-549

Hod did Lincoln's "vision" for America help to forge what historians refer to as the Second American Revolution? pp. 536-538

What impact did the absence of southern Democrats have on the nation’s economic development and the West? pp. 541-546

How did the war open new doors of opportunity for Northern women? pp. 547-548

Focus Question 4. How did the war effort and leadership problems affect the society and economy of the Confederacy? pp. 549-553

What inner divisions weakened the Confederacy during the Civil War? pp. 549-550

What role did women play in the Confederate war effort? pp. 552-553

Focus Question 5. What were the military and political turning points of the war? 554-556

Discuss the significance of the battles at Gettysburg and Visckburg. pp. 554

Why did Gen. George McClellan lose the Election of 1864? pp. 554-556

Focus Question 6. What were the most important wartime "rehearsals for Reconstruction"? pp. 556-562

Explain the importance of the Sea Islands Experiment. pp. 556-557

How did the Civil War change the way Europeans viewed the United States? pp. 557-558

How did the War change America in life and in memory? pp. 561-562

Ch. 15 “What Is Freedom? Reconstruction, 1865-1877”

Focus Question 1. “What visions of freedom did the former slaves and slaveholders pursue in the postwar South? pp. 566–79

Discuss the role of the Freedmen’s Bureau in the postwar South. pp. 571-573

How did former slaveholders define their freedom and that of their slaves? pp. 569-71

What did freedom mean to African-Americans in the South after the Civil War? pp. 566-9

Focus Question 2, What were the sources, goals, and competing visions for Reconstruction? pp. 579-90

Discuss Radical Reconstruction as a Constitutional Revolution. pp. 583-6

How did Radical Republicans gain control of the Reconstruction process? pp. 581-3

What was Andrew Johnson’s vision for Reconstruction? pp. 579-81

Focus Question 3. What were the social and political effects of Radical Reconstruction in the South? pp. 590-4

Discuss Southern blacks' struggle for economic freedom. pp. 594.

Discuss the accomplishments of Southern Reconstruction governments. pp. 593-4

Focus Question 4. What were the main factors, in both the North and South, for the abandonment of Reconstruction? pp. 594-601

How did Southern whites challenge Reconstruction governments? pp. 594-6 & 598-9.

Why did Northerners lose their resolve to pursue Reconstruction? pp. 597-601