PCM
Chapter 1-Ideas, People, and Economics
in Texas history (pages 2-33)
Food for Thought
“I
wasn’t born in
Chapter Overview
Chapter
One opens with a discussion of the demographic history
of Texas.The authors emphasize the ways in which the
people who settled
TERMS
conservatives constitutionalism equality frontier era individualism
liberals liberty political
ideology populists Tejanos
Learning Objectives
After
reading and reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1.
explain how the Texas Creed differs from the Am
2.
discuss the significance of the
3.
compare and contrast the economy of
4. briefly discuss the
impact of various ethnic groups on the politics and economy of
5. discuss the relationship
between economic shifts in
Chapter 2-Constitutionalism (pages 34-57)
Food for Thought
“Our
founding fathers didn’
Chapter Overview
Chapter
Two opens with a discussion of previous Texas Constitutions and their impact on
our current constitution. The current
Constitution is discussed and evaluated.
The chapter concludes with a discussion of efforts to revise the Texas
Constitution.
TERMS
cockroach comprehensive
revision Constitutional Revision
Commission liberal
constitution
piecemeal revision separation
of powers statutory constitution revisionist
Learning Objectives
After
reading and reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1. explain how Reconstruction
affected the writing of the 1876 constitution.
2. discuss the reasons for
the failure of the 1999 constitutional revision efforts.
3. discuss the weaknesses
of one of the branches of
4. explain the two methods
for revising the
5. discuss the need for
constitutional revision taking note of the population and political issues discussed
in chapter 1.
Chapter 7-Local Governments (pages
202-229)
Food for Thought
“All
politics is local.” Old
adage
Chapter Overview
This
chapter focuses on institutions of local governmen
TERMS
annexation at-large at-large-by-place charter school city commission
commissioners court council manager county attorney county auditor county clerk
county
commissioner county judge county judge county tax
assessor-collector
county
treasurer county
district attorney cumulative voting district attorney (DA) district clerk
general-law cities general
ordinance-making authority home
rule Local
Govt. Code
municipal corporation proportional
representation sheriff strong
Mayor-council
Texas
Association of Counties Texas
Municipal League weak mayor-council
Learning
Objectives
After reading and
reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1.
explain the difference between general-law and
home-rule cities..
2. describe the four main
types of city governments..
3. describe the basic
structure of county government in
4. explain the different
types of elections and methods for voting as well as how they have affected the
ethnic and racial make-up of local government.
5. using at least two examples
of special districts, explain why special districts are preferable, in some
instances, to city or county government and how they differ from city or county
government.
Chapter 3-Voting and Participating:
Political Parties, Interest Groups, and Elections (pages 59-95)
Food for Thought
“Am
"Unless mass views have some place in shaping of policy, all talk about democracy is nonsense.” V. O. Key
“It’s
not the voting that’s democracy; it’s the counting.” Tom Stoppard
Chapter Overview
This
chapter opens with a description of political parties in
The
authors then turn to campaigns and elections. They describe primaries in
TERMS
benchmark poll benefits
of voting candidate
characteristics costs of voting county chairperson
county convention county
executive committee critical
election dealignment
direct lobbying early
voting electioneering focus groups general election
grassroots lobbying issues litigation local election
motor-voter registration system party
in the electorate party in the
government party organization
political
precinct convention primary
election realignment special election split-ticket voting
state convention state
executive committee state
party chairperson
state senatorial district convention straight-ticket
voting temporary party
organization
tracking polls voter
turnout
Learning
Objectives
After reading and
reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1.
explain the four different types of elections.
2.
explain the techniques or functions performed by
interest groups..
3.
list at least three important and major shifts that
occurred in electoral politics during the 1900’s..
4.
explain the dealignment
process and the realignment process. Do
you believe that
5.
list the various functions performed by interest
groups and use two examples of interest groups discussed in Chapter 3 to
explain how certain interest groups will concentrate on certain functions,
Chapter 4-The Legislative Branch (pages 96-133)
Food for Thought
“In
a representative republic, we elect men our size, and then expect them to be
what we aren’t.” Senator Mark
Hatfield
“To
be successful representative, one must have the friendliness of a child, the
enthusiasm of a teenager, the assurance of a college boy, the diplomacy of a
wayward husband, the curiosity of a cat, and the good humor of an idiot.” Emmanuel Cellar
Chapter Overview
This
chapter describes the organization and structure of the Texas Legislature. The authors discuss the roots of the
legislature in
TERMS
balanced budget bicameral
legislature biennial legislature bill budget execution authority
committee concurrent
resolution constitutional
amendment debt deficit spending
engrossed bill enrolled
bill filibuster first reading germane
impeach intent
calendar joint
resolution Legislative
Budget Board
Legislative Council legislative
party caucus legislative process nonparty legislative caucus
per diem president
of the Texas Senate pro-tem quorum
redistricting regular
session second
reading Senate
two-thirds rule
Sharpstown scandal simple
resolution single-member
district speaker of the Texas House
speaker’s lieutenants speaker’s
race speaker’s team special (called) session
term limits third
reading veto
Learning Objectives
After reading and
reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1. discuss how the
composition of the legislature in
2. discuss the causes of
the redistricting crisis in
3. discuss the steps
through which a bill becomes a law.
4. explain the powers of
the lieutenant governor and how the lieutenant governor obtained these
powers. How does the lieutenant governor
use these powers in coalition building, especially now that the Senate exhibits
elements of partisan division?
5. explain the ways in
which the
Chapter 5-The Governor and Executive
Branch (pages
134-173)
Food for Thought
“In government and politics, appearance and
perception become reality.”
Barbara Jordan
“One
of the distinctions between democracy and other forms of governmen
Chapter Overview
The
focus of this chapter is the office of Governor. and
the administrative agencies of state government.. The chapter opens with a description of the
governor’s office and the manner in which the office has changed throughout
history. The authors then look at the
roles of the governor and the historical development of gubernatorial power. The chapter concludes with an extended study
of executive agencies in
TERMS
Administrative
Procedures Act agriculture
commissioner attorney general captured agency
chief
budget officer chief executive
officer chief of state clemency commander in
chief comptroller of public accounts executive
commissioner of Health and Human Services Commission
full-time equivalent good
government governor’s
message insurance commissioner land commissioner
overrepresentation and underrepresentation plural executive public
counsels Public
Utility Commission
quasi-judicial Railroad
Commission revolving door senatorial courtesy staggered terms
State board of Education succession sunset
law Texas
Commission on Environmental Quality
Learning Objectives
After reading and
reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1. list elected officers of
the executive branch and their functions.
2.
briefly discuss the powers of the governor.
3. explain the important
differences between the
4. explain the factors that
contribute to the problem of captured agencies and discuss at least two
historical examples of private interests capturing agencies.
5. describe the structure
of the plural executive and explain how
6. describe
the structure of the modern
Chapter 6-The Judicial Branch (pages 174-201)
Food for Thought
“The
judge does not make the Law. I
“If
I asked you to design a criminal justice system and you came up with the ones
we have here in
Jim
Mattox, Attorney General of
Chapter Overview
The
chapter opens with a description of the roots of the
TERMS
application for discretionary review constitutional
county court county
court at law
court
of appeals district
court justice of the peace court municipal court
petition
for review
trial
de novo
Learning
Objectives
After reading and
reviewing this chapter, the student should be able to:
1.
discuss some of the differences between the Texas
Supreme Court and the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals.
2.
describe the ethnic and racial composition of the
3.
explain why the court of Appeals does not take
testimony or use juries.
4.
explain the various phases of the criminal justice
process.
5.
explain the problems of the
Chapter 8-Public Policy in
Food for Thought
“But
in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes.” Benjamin Franklin
“Any
jackass can kick a barn down but it takes a real carpenter to build one.” Lyndon B. Johnson
Chapter Overview
The
chapter begins with a brief overview of public policy roots in
TERMS
agenda
setting Available
School Fund Available university
Fund
balanced budget biennial
budgeting system
block
grants bond
programs budget
execution authority budget
CHIPS comptroller’s
certification debt dedicated funds economic policies
Higher
Education Fund implementation Medicaid Permanent School Fund
Permanent
University Fund policy
making political economy progressive tax
proportional tax (flat tax) public policy regressive tax regulation revenue
estimate
Robin
hood Rodriguez v. San Antonio ISD social policies subsidy
Temporary
Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) tolling Trans-Texas Corridor vouchers
West Orange-Cove Consolidated ISD v.
Alanis
Learning
Objectives
After reading and reviewing
this chapter, the student should be able to:
1.
describe transportation policy in
2. explain what we mean
when we say
3. describe the evolution
of the school finance system in
4. how Hopwood v. Texas affected
admissions to public colleges and universities in
5. explain the differences
among progressive, regressive, and proportional taxes. Give examples of each type of tax. What kind of taxes does