Unit I Part B Click on the correct answers, then click on "Send".

1 The last portion of the "Lower 48" of the US settled was the Great Plains the Appalachians the Rockies the east coast the west coast 2 Factors that discouraged settlement on the Great Plains included There was little water for agriculture. There was a lack of trees that seemed to indicate infertile soil. MAJ Stephen Long called it "The Great American Desert" on the official government maps. There were hostile and very mobile Indians to harass settlers. All of the answers are correct. 3 The Indians of the Great Plains were nomadic followed the buffalo that provided them with food, clothing, shelter & fuel were mounted on horses & were fierce fighters all of the above answers are correct. Only "A" & "C" are correct. 4 The US Government concentration policy for the Indians in 1851 allowed them to roam all over the west concentrated the Indians east of the Mississippi River exiled all the Indians to Indian Territory limited the Indians to smaller areas where whites did not wish to go All of the answers are correct. 5 The US Government's new Indian policy after 1867 placed the Indians on smaller reservations segregated the Indians in isolated areas pushed all Indians west of the Mississippi River All of the above answers are correct. Only "A" & "B" are correct. 6 Grant's Peace Policy put the US Army in charge of the Indians in peace time put the Interior Department in charge of all the Indians in wartime let religious denominations administer some of the Indian reservations sent all of the Indians west of the Mississippi River All of the answers are correct. 7 The Dawes Act of 1887 divided Indian reservations into individual Indian family holdings compromised the authority of the tribal chief since Indian families held the land individually & did not need to obey the chief made it easier for swindlers to take land from the Indians All of the above answers are correct. Only "A" & "B" are correct. 8 Gold & silver rushes occurred in all the following areas EXCEPT California in the 1840's & 1850's Nevada in the 1850's & 1860's Colorado, Idaho & Arizona in the 1860's & 1870's the Dakotas in the 1870's Texas in the 1880's 9 The biggest single silver bonanza was the Black Hills in South Dakota in 1876 the Sacramento River Valley in California in the 1850's the Comstock Strike in Nevada in the 1860's & 1870's the Gila River Strike in Arizona in the 1870's None of these answers is correct. 10 Law & order was maintained in the mining towns of the west by the Texas Rangers U.S. Marshals the Department of Homeland Security vigilantes the FBI 11 There was a cattleman's bonanza in the west due to The original cattle belonged to no one & were free for the taking. There was plenty of free grass for the cattle to graze on without having to own land. There was plenty of free water available. The cattle could be driven to the railhead for free without any transportation fees. All of the answers are correct. 12 In the west, he railroad connected the free cattle of south Texas with the markets of the Midwest gradually replaced the cattle drive as the railroad expanded to the grazing areas decreased the demand for cattle due to very high transportation costs All of the answers are correct. Only "A" & "B" are correct. 13 Cattlemen's Associations functioned as marketing tools to get a higher price for cattle law & order organizations to stop rustlers religious organizations to bring the Gospel to isolated ranchers All of the answers are correct. Only "A" & "B" are correct. 14 Open-range cattle grazing ended due to railroads came to ranches nullifying the need for cattle drives farmers came out west & planted in the areas barbed wire gave farmers a way to keep cattle & buffalo out of their fields All of the above answers are correct Only "A" & "B" are correct. 15 The Homestead Law was written by Rep. Galusha Grow (R-PA) & passed by Congress in 1862 gave 160 acres of land to settlers who improved it, lived on it for five years & paid a $10 surveying fee moved settlers on to land to make them economically independent if all worked out well All of the above answers are correct Only "A" & "C" are correct. 16 The Homestead Act failed to achieve all that it promised because There was no defense against land speculators. It failed to provide capital so a settler had to mortgage the land for animals & seeds. In some geologically-poorer portions of the country, 160 acres were not sufficient to support a farm family. In certain areas, a cash crop that could be grown in the area had not yet been found. All of the answers are correct. 17 The largest governmental land grants went to cattlemen railroads farmers miners None of these answers is correct. 18 Railroads encouraged western settlement by advertising the availability of the land to perspective settlers in Europe carrying immigrants from the east coast to the west for a relatively cheap fare selling land to immigrants for rather low prices All of the answers are correct. Only "B" & "C" are correct. 19 The state associated with "Boomers" & "Sooners" is Texas Oklahoma Kansas Nebraska Pennsylvania 20 Discoveries that helped western farmers settle and become successful included barbed wire irrigation of arid regions & dry farming new strains of wheat from the Ukraine agricultural machinery (reaper, twine binder, etc.) All of the answers are correct.

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