Chapter 1 Click on the correct answers, then click on "Send".

1 The militia in England & colonial America was an old & revered tradition was based on a traditional fear of a standing army was a cherished military tradition All of the answers are correct. 2 The idea at the heart of the militia was the idea All people owed allegiance to the King & must serve at his command. There was a principle of universal military obligation for all able-bodied males from 16 to 60. It was an easy way to avoid the draft. All of the answers are correct. 3 The militia functioned with There were periodic musters (training days) & the company was the basic unit. In New England there was a link between militia service & religion. Militia men provided their own weapons. Armor, pikes & matchlocks gave way to no armor, hatchets, & flintlocks. All of the answers are correct. 4 Militia officers came from the upper classes also held political offices many times as a local institution rarely served far from home All of the answers are correct. 5 The control of the militia in the colonies moved from executive control of legislative control decayed in the eastern parts of the colonies as the frontier moved west a select voluntary militia arose All of the answers are correct. 6 In terms of frontier colonial defense The colonists used a stronghold concept of defense. There were problems getting enough food to the stronghold. Colonists objected to having to abandon their homes & farms. The Indians lacked the ability to mount a siege on the strongholds. All of the answers are correct. 7 The colonial militia was also used as a local police force preserved domestic peace & protected property served as slave patrols in the south All of the answers are correct. 8 For colonial expeditions They usually didn't call out the militia. Specially commissioned officers, who were not always the militia officers, commanded the expeditions. A manpower quota was given to each militia district & was filled from volunteers, draftees, substitutes & hirelings. Most of the men on the expeditions came from the lower classes. All of the answers are correct. 9 The tactics of the Indians included small war parties that acted in isolation ambushes & raids using night & fog Bows & arrows were replaced by flintlocks. All of the answers are correct. 10 The tactics of the militia included Initially, they used European tactics with unaimed massed volleys. They used Indian allies. They raided Indian villages to destroy the food supply and they waged war against Indian society not just warriors. Over time the tactics changed to cover, concealment, & aimed fire. All of the answers are correct. 11 In Virginia there was Indian conflict including Opechancauough of the Indian Confederation in 1622-32 By 1644-46 the Indians were decisively defeated. Colonists responded ruthlessly to provocation. The colonists punished the offending tribe severely & terrified other tribes into submission. All of the answers are correct. 12 In the Pequot War in New England CPT John Mason (CT) & CPT Underhill (MA) led the attacks. They attacked the Pequot fort on the Mystic River. 400-500 Indians were killed for militia losses of 2 KIA & 20 WIA. This broke the back of Pequot resistance. All of the answers are correct. 13 In King Philip's War in 1675 This war reduced the Indians to military insignificance. Philip tried to form a confederacy. The colonists took out the Narragansetts in the Great Swamp fight by destroying Indian clothing housing, clothing & the winter food supply. William Turner attacked the Indian base camp & Benjamin Church killed Philip. All of the answers are correct. 14 In Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 Virginia Frontiersmen killed the leader of the Susequehannocks. Gov. Berkeley wanted forts & militia men. Bacon & the westerners wanted to kill all the Indians. There was a civil revolt & Bacon's supporters, many of whom were ex-indentured servants, caused the planters to use slave labor. All of the answers are correct.

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