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1 The Ardennes counteroffensive planning included all of the following EXCEPT Hitler wanted to capture Antwerp. The Germans used speed, stealth, surprise & the weather. SS Panzer troops were used as the spearhead. A Fifth Column under Skorzeny penetrated US lines. FM von Runstedt supported the broad plan completely. 2 The Ardennes attack included The Germans sowed confusion behind American lines. The Germans used a Fifth Column. US troops in the Ardennes were not prepared. The Germans moved at night. All of the answers are correct. 3 The Battle of the Bulge included A 2000 gun German artillery bombardment. Skorzeny's men cut telephone wires & misdirected US troops. The Malmedy Massacre changed US attitudes towards SS prisoners. The 101st Division held Bastogne. All of the answers are correct. 4 In the Battle for Italy Kesselring's German troops held a series of strong defensive lines. In 1945 Kesselring was transferred to command the western front. The Allies lost proportionately more casualties & accomplished less in Italy than elsewhere. Vieting & Wolf surrendered German troops in Italy. All of the answers are correct. 5 The murder of Mussolini included all of the following EXCEPT Mussolini expected to stand at Val Tellina. The German convoy in which he was traveling was stopped by Italian Communists. The Communists killed Mussolini & Clara at Moltrasio. Mussolini & Clara's bodies were hanged in public in Milan. The Luftwaffe sent paratroopers to rescue Mussolini in 1945. 6 During the Soviet offensive in 1945 Stalin was interested in the Balkans. The Ardennes counteroffensive drew off the German reserves in the east. There were still more German troops in the east fighting the Soviets than in the west fighting the US, British, French & others. Zhukov drove for Berlin. All of the answers are correct. 7 At the Yalta Conference FDR wanted Stalin to join in the war against Japan. They agreed to a four power occupation of Germany. They agreed to a Big Five veto in the new UN. The Soviets annexed part of Poland. All of the answers are correct. 8 The Liberation of the Philippines included The US 8th Army landed on the southern coast of Luzon. The US 6th Army landed on the northern coast of Luzon. Yamashita fell back into the mountains to fight a guerrilla war. RADM Iwabachi held Manila against direct orders of Yamashita & perpetrated a massacre. All of the answers are correct. 9 Iwo Jima was important as a emergency landing field for bombers coming back from raids on Japan an advanced fighter base for fighters escorting bombers over Japan Both of the answers are correct. 10 The Battle of Iwo Jima included all of the following EXCEPT The USMC landed on the southern coast. The USMC drove for the primary targets- the airfields. The USMC drove northward up the island. The USMC put the flag up on Mt. Suribachi. It was a relatively easy & bloodless conquest. 11 The preparations for Okinawa included It was the last stepping stone to the home islands of Japan. The Japanese used vast numbers of kamikazes. LTG Ushysima defended Okinawa. The strongest defenses were on the southern portion of the island. All of the answers are correct. 12 In the Battle of Okinawa all of the following occurred EXCEPT 183,000 US combat troops attacked the island. Okinawan conscripts fled the Japanese. The US landed on the western part of the island. The Japanese launched land & air kamikaze attacks. All of the answers are correct. 13 In the naval battle of Okinawa The IJN battleship"Yamato" sortied on a one-way mission. The IJN planned a suicide attack. US air power sunk the "Yamato" before it got near Okinawa. The IJN attack failed. All of the answers are correct. 14 The death of FDR was due to a cerebral hemorrhage in Georgia a plane crash en route to Germany a plane crash en route to meet with Stalin an assassination by a Japanese spy an assassination by a German fanatic 15 The Allied drive into Germany included Germany had supply problems due to Allied air power. Hitler refused to allow the German generals to pull their men back into better defensive positions. The Luftwaffe did get some jet fighters into operation. Hitler did get a few V-2's into operation. All of the answers are correct. 16 The Allied invasion of Germany included double thrusts on the upper & lower Rhine British & Canadian advances across the lower Rhine the taking of a bridge across the Rhine at Remagan All of the answers are correct. 17 The drive for Berlin included Eisenhower wanted a broader front that meant a slower advance but fewer casualties. Eisenhower was influenced primarily by military not political considerations. Yalta gave the right to liberate Berlin to the Soviets. Eisenhower hoped to work with the Soviets to build a new world. All of the answers are correct. 18 The death of Hitler occurred after Hitler ordered the destruction of Germany after Hitler & Eva Braun married by suicide after he ordered the arrest of Goering & Himmler for trying to make peace with the Allies All of the answers are correct. 19 The surrender of Germany included all of the following EXCEPT ADM Doenitz hoped to split the Big Three & continue a war against the Soviets. Large numbers of Germans fled from the east to the west. GEN Jodl surrendered to Eisenhower at Rhiems. There was a surrender in Paris by Goering to the French. There was a surrender in Berlin to the Soviets. 20 US submarine warfare against Japan included unrestricted warfare new torpedoes & exploders breaking the IJN code wolfpack tactics All of the answers are correct. 21 The head of the Alamogordo atomic bomb center was Dwight Eisenhower Omar Bradley J. Robert Oppeheimer Claudio Segre Werner von Braun 22 The Potsdam Conference included all of the following EXCEPT abolition of the Nazi Party division of Germany into four zones German reparations USSR annexation of Polish territory US withdrawal from Germany 23 The atomic bomb dropping on Hiroshima included COL Tibbets flew his bomber the "Enola Gay" with the bomb. Hiroshima was a military target. Most of the Japanese didn't bother to take cover. About 150,000 people were killed. All of the answers are correct. 24 Dropping the atomic bomb on Nagasaki included Kokura was the original target but there was bad weather there. Nagasaki was a military target- a naval base. Nagasaki was the secondary target. The USSR declared war on Japan. All of the answers are correct. 25 The surrender of Japan included all of the following EXCEPT The Emperor agreed to surrender. The institution of the Emperor remained. The surrender took place aboard the battleship "Missouri." MacArthur & Nimitz accepted the Japanese surrender. The USSR moved in to occupy Tokyo.

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